Internal-combustion engine.



APPLICATION FILED JULY 29 IBIB.

Patented Apr. 29,1

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.lpecifieeticn of Letters Patent.

mini ration July 2Q, 1915. Serial N0. Millet To all whom it may concern Be it hnownthat l, Josnrn Bourcrnnn, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at l0 Rue Poussin, Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful improvements in IuternalCombustion Engines, oi which the following is a speci iication.

The object oi the present invention, relates to explosion motors, and more particulsrly to those that are intended to work under atmospheric pressures that vary in cessantly and considerably, as is the case with motors on aircraft, is to procure for them a power suihciently independent of the variations in the pressure of the surrounding air, and this within the desired limits, at the same time procuring for them a higher thermal ellicicncy and obviating the numerous dangers and accidents due to excessive compressions and stresses when the atmospheric pressure is high.

The invention therefore consists in limitingthe fin nleonipression to a predetermined value that has to remain practically constant notwithstanding the variations in the density and pressure oi the surrounding air, eliminating during a portion. of the compression period the excess gas drawn in, by connecting the chamber of the motor to apressure-relieving collector through the medium of a fluid-tight controlled device, such as a valve, and in maintaining in the pressure-relieving collector a maximum pressure regulated by an equally suitable device, The gases flowing back from the pressuremelieving collector may be led back into the main suction pipe either behind or in front to regulate the power the motor.

The accompanying axial section of a cylinder grammatically how the invention may put into practice.

Let a. motor consist of one or more cylinders l, cooled in any manner, move pistons 2, actuating by means of connecting rods 3, the crank The motor may work on the two stroke or the four-stroke cycle, and in the latter case, as illustrated, let 5 be the exhaust valve and 6 the inlet valve of a normal known method of Worlo ing. These valves may of course be situated in the various customary positions, or re to be obtained from drawing shows an and shows diawhich of the gas inlet that serves in which there placed by what are called valveless arrangements; and let T be the chamber called the compression chamber.

The improvement in the motor forming the subject-matter of the invention is to eliminate the excess gas drawn in, which might bring about an excessive compression, by opening a liuidtight device of suitable dimensions controlled by the cam shaft itself, such as the valve 8 during part of the compression stroke, such elimination being elfectcd into a collector 9, in which the pressure of the gases admitted thereto cannot exceed a value regulated by a device such as a delivery valve 10, retained by a regulating spring 11. In the case of multi-cylinder motors a single delivery valve 10 would sufficc to regulate the maximum pressure of the gases contained in the prcssure'relieving collector 9. The delivery gases will be discharged into the suction pipe 12 for the purpose of being re-uscd. I

The method of working of such an arrangement will be understood in the following manner zlhe crank i is assumed to be revolving in the direction of the arrow 13, the suction stroke commencing when the end of the connecting rod is in the neighborhood of the position a and finishing at E), from which point "he compression stroke will commenceQ If at c the relief valve 8, which may I be of con'iparatively small dimensions, 18

open, the gases will also come and fill up the passage 9, and if at d the some valve 8 is closed there will exist at that moment in the compression chamber 7, the portion of the cylinder not yet swept by the piston, and the pressure-relieving chamber 9, a, pressure regulated by the delivery valve 10. If there fore at one and the same point d the compression bears a constant relation, invariably or almost invariably, to the quantity of gas admitted, from a. to 7), the final compression at 0 will also be constant, and will not in any case, if the adjustments are properly eliected, be able to exceed the value that would bring about an explosion that parts of the motor would not be able to stand,

An aircraft motor provided with such an arrangement, designed and adjusted for normal working and compression at high altitudes, will have its power but little eugthe merited when on the ground, and its light mixture to the suction capable of impairing them. Of course the diagrammatic drawing is only given here by way of example, and does not limit the scope of the present invention at all, and all motors comprising the new arrangements thus described, and sun'miarized hereunder, pertain thereto.

'hat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. An internal combustion engin comprising means for 'prmlucing a substantially uniform compression in the explosion chamber, said means including means for allowing the explosive mixture to escape from the said chamber at a predetermined position. of the piston in the compression stroke.

' 2. An internal combustion engine comprising means for prodxcing a substantially uniform compression in'the explosion chamber, said means including means for allowing the explosive mixtureto escape from said chamber at a predetermined position of the piston in the compression stroke and means for returning the escaping pipe of the engine. 3. An internal combustion engine comprising means for producing a substantially uniform compression in the explosion chamber, said means including a collecting chamber having a connectionto the exlosion chamber and a positively controlled alve adapted to be opened duringthe compression stroke and closed at a predetermined position of the )iston.

4- An internal combustion engine comrising means for supplying explosive mixture to the explosion chamber, and means independent of said means and operative during the compression period to Withdraw from said chamber the explosive mixture in excess of a predetermined uniform amount.

5. -ln internal combustion eneine comprising a supply pipe [or the explosive mixture; a valve controlling t :0 supply of ex;- plosive mixture from said pipe to the explosion chamber, and means independent elf said valve and operative prior to the ignitionof the explosive mixture to return from said chamber to said pipe the explosive mixture in excess of a predetermined uniform. a mount.

6. An internal combustion engine. com prising means for producing a substantially uniform compression in the explosion chamber, said means including a collecting chamber having a connection to the explosion chamber, a positively controlled valve opening inwardly of said chamber, said valve being adapted to be sneccssivel3. opened and closed at predetermined positions of the piston in the compression stroke, and a relief valve controlling the escape of the explosive mixture from said collecting chamber.

'7. An internal. comlmstion engine comprising a circuit of three valves, one to close the explosion-char)iber about when compression begins, the seco1...l to allow surplus gases to escape from said chamber as soon as the pressure Within it exceeds a predetermined value and the third. to prevent this escape at a gn'edeterminial position of the piston toward the end of the compression stroke.

In testimonywhereof latiix mvsiggnature in presence of two witnesses. 

